Educational Laws for Students Ages Three to 22
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On The Federal Level
- The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a civil rights law establishing that individuals with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as others. There are five sections (titles within the law) that outline the protection that individuals have from discrimination in public life. Education, employment, and accommodations are some of the areas addressed.
- Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 protects the rights of individuals with disabilities in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance from the U.S. Department of Education. This law further requires school districts to provide a "free appropriate public education" (FAPE) for students in their jurisdiction.
- The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) has 4 statutes, addressing specific populations and activities to ensure equal access to education. Part B is applicable to students ages three to 21. Part C covers early intervention for infants and toddlers from birth to age 3.
To compare these three federal legislation and how they protect a deaf and hard of hearing child, review the Legal Comparison: Side by Side chart.
Resources on Federal Legislation
On The State Level
The Texas Education Agency (TEA) oversees the Texas statewide educational system, providing guidance and application of educational laws and rules. Rules and regulations are outlined in two codes:
Special education rules and regulations are embedded in these codes, as outlined in this side-by-side comparison.
Other key pieces of legislation impacting children who are deaf or hard of hearing are listed below:
- Allows students to have opportunities to develop proficiency in English and American Sign Language. (Section 29.302)
- Establishes methods and procedures for ensuring that children between the ages of birth to age eight progress in language acquisition. (HB 548)
